It is closely related to the black maple, which is sometimes included in this species, but sometimes separated as Acer nigrum. saccharum is slow, not taking place until the following spring when the soil has warmed and all frost danger is past. The seeds fall from the tree in autumn, where they must be exposed to 45 days of temperatures below 4 ☌ (39 ☏) to break their coating down. The fruit is a pair of samaras (winged seeds). The sugar maple will generally begin flowering when it is between 10 and 200 years old. The flowers are in panicles of five to ten together, yellow-green and without petals flowering occurs in early spring after 30–55 growing degree days. The recent year's growth twigs are green, and turn dark brown. The leaf buds are pointy and brown-colored. They also share a tendency with red maples for certain parts of a mature tree to change color weeks ahead of or behind the remainder of the tree. In some trees, all colors above can be seen at the same time. Sugar maples also have a tendency to color unevenly in fall. The fall color is often spectacular, ranging from bright yellow on some trees through orange to fluorescent red-orange on others. In contrast with the angular notching of the silver maple, however, the notches tend to be rounded at their interior. The basal lobes are relatively small, while the upper lobes are larger and deeply notched. The leaves are deciduous, up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long and wide, palmate, with five lobes and borne in opposite pairs. As with most trees, forest-grown sugar maples form a much taller trunk and narrower canopy than open-growth ones. A 10-year-old tree is typically about 5 m (20 ft) tall. Description Bark Seasonal leaf color changeĪcer saccharum is a deciduous tree normally reaching heights of 25–35 m (80–115 ft), and exceptionally up to 45 m (150 ft). It may also be known as "rock maple", "sugar tree", "birds-eye maple", "sweet maple", "curly maple", or "hard maple", particularly when referring to the wood. Sugar maple is best known for being the primary source of maple syrup and for its brightly colored fall foliage. It is native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada and eastern United States. Saccharodendron saccharum (Marshall) MoldenkeĪcer saccharum, the sugar maple, is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae.
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